Objectives Of The Sustainable Development Goals - 1494 Words

The Sustainable Development Goals are a set of global agendas set by the United Nations to be achieved by the year 2030. They are a continuation of the Millennium Development Goals, which were framed through the Millennium Deceleration in 2000 to address the needs of the world poor (1). The Millennium Development goals included a set of eight easily stated goals with 21 targets and 48 indicators to measure progress (1). Amongst them- reducing child mortality (MDG 4), improving maternal health (MDG 5) and combating HIV-AIDS, malaria and other diseases (MDG 6)- were specifically aimed at improving health (2). This approach provided a clear and focused direction for many of the stakeholders, to work on realizing these goals. The SDGs, on the other hand, are longer with 17 Goals and 126 targets (3). Unlike the MDGs, the SDGs contain one cohesive health goal (SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages), with 9 specific targets and 4 means of implementation w ithin the targets (4) . There is criticism claiming that a switch from three to one goal would reduce the global focus on health. I argue that a simplified SDG goal is sufficient because it builds upon, and strengthens the template set-up in the MDGs. Furthermore, the four proposed ways of implementation to achieve these targets further reinforces the objective (1). Thus, if the work that has been laid out in the MDG era continues with a sustained focus, there is no reason why the priorityShow MoreRelatedObjectives Of The Sustainable Development Goals1168 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to replace the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which expire in 2015. Focusing on goal 15 of the SDGs, the measurability and overall effectiveness of the targets will be assessed. Targets 15.2 through 15.5 and 15.8 focus on conserving specific ecosystems and reducing biodiversity loss. Each specifies a deadline year (2020 or 2030) for being in progress or completed, which helps to measure the timeline for the goal. Each target can be quantified inRead MoreThe Objectives Of The Sustainable Development Goals1090 Words   |  5 PagesGoal 14 of the Sustainable Development Goals aims to â€Å"Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.† (Open Working Group Proposal for Sustainable Development Goals.†) Under this main goal lies seven sub goals, of which some are more measurable than others. All goals can be measured with a quantifiable unit, although some measurements may be harder to interpret than others. Goal 14.1 logically proves to be measurable, as marine pollution is a materialRead MoreObjectives Of A Sustainable Development Goals1002 Words   |  5 PagesSeventeen Sustainable Development Goa ls, drafted by the United Nations, consider to improve global sustainability. Goal 7 includes five targets that ensure access to sustainable, and modern energy for all. However, one of the targets described is not truly measurable. For instance, target 7.1 does not specify the type of modern energy services. In fact, different countries, based on their geographic locations or status of development, will rely on different types of modern energy services. FurthermoreRead MoreObjectives Of The Sixth Sustainable Development Goals1259 Words   |  6 Pageseconomic development and also assists with meeting basic human needs for food and shelter (IEA, 2004). Energy was not explicitly considered in the Millennium Development Goals in 2000 or the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation in 2002. However the link between energy services and poverty reduction was clearly identified, as energy services and modern cooking fuels improved as a result (UNDP, 2005, PG.8). January 2016 will bring into effect the United Nations (UN) 17 sustainable development goals to transformRead MoreInterfaceraise Case Study Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesimplementing sustainable strategies, practices and culture will accelerate other companies’ leanings and performance in this area. InterfaceRAISE will be a credible peer-to-peer consultancy in this field due to Interface’s reputation as a successful pioneer in sustainable manufacturing. Interface have a record since 1994 of embedding sustainability into their business model and have successfully grown, found savings and delivered profits over this time. 2. InterfaceRAISE has three objectives. Which appearsRead MoreSustainability Multiple Choice Questions1540 Words   |  7 Pagescurrent policies Objective: 23.2 Sustainable development 2) The current use of fossil fuels versus the need to develop new renewable energy sources is an example of ________. A) how short‑term needs are in opposition to long‑term sustainability B) two different goals that are not in opposition C) governmental vision competing with economic practicalities D) two unrelated and independent but positive environmental goals E) an issue thatRead MoreDeveloping Sustainable Communities in Edinburghs South East Wedge1523 Words   |  6 Pages1. Deakin, M. (2003). Developing sustainable communities in Edinburghs South East Wedge: The settlement model and design solution. Journal of Urban Design 8(2): 137-148. The South East Wedge of Edinburgh is selected as a sample case study for understanding issues associated with planned urban development in sustainable communities. The South East Wedge was designed as a sustainable living area that could accommodate the citys growing population. Core features included a distinctive urban cultureRead MoreSustainable Development : The Definition Of Sustainable Development1432 Words   |  6 Pagesterm sustainable development has gained a lot of attention, however, it has since been overused to a point of saturation where it has lost the influence it previously elucidated and become a jargon for developers and slogan for environmentalists. What does sustainable development mean? For years scholars have tried to define and articulate the concept of sustainable development which has led it to become an oxymoron of sorts. Over a century before the use of phrase sustainable development cameRead MoreSustainable Energy, Reliable And Modern Energy Services1035 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestment in the development of sustainable energy and the energy infrastructure will serve as a viable indicator of progress. Summing up, all targets are measurable to quite an extent. Are the targets currently measured? The 1992 Earth Summit called on governments and NGOs at an international level to develop indicators of progress towards sustainable development. As a result of an international partnership initiative, a report was produced which described 30 Energy Indicators for Sustainable DevelopmentRead MoreTourism Planning And Development Of Sustainable Development Essay1551 Words   |  7 PagesPolicy Planning and Development Relationship between Sustainability Development and Sustainability Tourism Planning Submitted by: Lance N. Peji Topic: Significance of environmental issues in the formulation of a Tourism Plan. Write on the key concepts and issues of sustainable development and show relationships between sustainable development and sustainable tourism planning. Introduction In this paper, it will focus on the key concepts and issues of sustainable development and showing the

Personal Narrative My California Trip - 1350 Words

My California Trip Ever since I found out my softball team could make it to California for Nationals I knew this would be our goal for the summer. Now here is where the challenging part came in, we only had three chances to make it to California. We made it, we were lucky enough to make our goal in the third chance. July 30, the day I was leaving for California. My mom, my brother, my grandma, and I all leaving for the big trip. After a seven hour plane ride, we arrived. My mother was in line to pick up our rental car, the wait which felt like a million years. Slouching on top of all the suitcases and imaging all my teammates laying out in the sun, swimming and having fun in the water made me feel bitter and antsy. We finally got our car and we were on our way to the hotel. It was another hour car ride, eventually we got to the beach. From there on out my day could not have gotten better. The water was as cold as Antarctica and yet it felt so good against my sweaty skin. At about 5 o’clock my coach decided we would hold practice. The field was in a park it looked like something out of the 1920s Great Depression, homeless people everywhere, but we made best with what we have gained. I had not had anything to eat since 6 o’clock that morning, but being the strong fighter I am, I tried to fight the pain of hunger off and finish through practice and get some food afterwards. Turns out my body could only handle so much, I was standing up painfully fielding the balls hit atShow MoreRelatedNarrative Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Essays: To Tell a Story There are four types of essays: Exposition - gives information about various topics to the reader. Description - describes in detail characteristics and traits. Argument - convinces the reader by demonstrating the truth or falsity of a topic. Narrative - tells a story, usually from one person’s viewpoint. 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Year Round Education Program Free Essays

Imagine a child, on a hot summer day†¦ no baseball, no swimming, no picnics or amusement park rides. Instead of spending time doing all of the things kids like to during summer vacations, this child, is attending school. Year round education (YRE) has been around since 1904, with 3,000 schools and 2 million students currently using the program (National Association). We will write a custom essay sample on Year Round Education Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now Students in year round schools go to school the same 180 days that traditional schools attend. In YRE, the summer vacation is eliminated, replacing it with shorter, more frequent breaks. There is a number of ways the year round school can operate, including: 90/30, 45/15, and 60/20. The most popular of these calendars is the 45/15, where the year is divided into 4 nine week terms, separated by 4 three week vacations (National Association). YRE has been a debated issue in education almost since it began. Supporters of YRE say this schedule improves the learning process. The biggest debate, however, comes from the parents and teachers who believe there are no proven studies that YRE helps the learning process at all. So, is year round schooling a good choice for the education of your children? YRE will not only hurt the education system, but it will create chaos for the lives of the students attending and their families. Supporters of YRE believe year round schools are more cost effective than traditional schools. With population in some districts rising rapidly, YRE is said to reduce overcrowding of schools and classrooms. In many cases, school calendars are changed in response to population growth. By running schools all year, districts can pack in more students and postpone building new schools (Endless Summer). Supporters of YRE say that by staggering vacations and schedules, schools can increase capacity by 25-50 percent (Should Kids go). Supporters argue that the costs for the transition form a traditional calendar to year round schools are modest compared to the construction costs of new schools (Inger, Morton). However, those against YRE feel that expenses will only be reduced temporarily. According to a â€Å"Year Round Education Study† conducted by the Lewisville, Texas Independent School District, â€Å"Findings of a year-long study concluded that there is no financial benefit to operating a Single Track System. The system would cause a modest increase in operational expenses without providing any instructional benefits† (Time to Learn). In Iowa, the Carroll School Board found that the costs of the district moving to a year round education system could range from $16,786 to $32,412. Taylor Elementary School, in Cedar Rapids, spends more money according to the classroom teachers that any other elementary school. Schools in Davenport reported that the switch to YRE will cost an additional $36,000 in salaries, $3000 per year for equipment, and supplies, and $22,300 as a one time expense for teacher training. Plus, the move to YRE would also cost the district an extra $92,626 to fully air condition the school building. In Des Moines, Moulten schools spend about $80,000 annually for year round schooling. If YRE were implemented, Indianola school districts would spend an additional $3,655 for middle school and $5,000 for elementary school to pay for the additional secretarial, administrative, and custodial time during the summer (Time to Learn). Costs will not only be incurred with the schools, but also with the state and with taxpayers. Cost savings for one of these groups may create cost increases for the other (Naylor, Charlie). Contrary to what supporters of YRE claim, there are definitely extra costs to implementing and maintaining a year round education system. Supporters of YRE say that year round schools would promote continuous learning. The belief is that students forget a lot of what they learn while on long summer vacations. This is seen more in slower learning students and for those who know English as their second language. It is also thought that because students retain more when the learning process is interrupted for only short periods of time, teachers in year round schools need to spend less time reviewing pre-vacation material (Inger, Morton). Although this seems true, opponents believe that there is research that needs to be addressed. Mary Lee Smith and Gene V. Glass have done extensive research in year round schools since 1974. In a study conducted by Smith and Glass, in a school district in Colorado, the learning loss in the students was evaluated. They found that although teachers in year round schools spent less time reviewing pre-vacation material than teachers in traditional schools did, the actual achievement differences were insignificant on tests designed specifically to measure district objectives (Glass, Gene V). According to Don Patterson, a member of the Albuquerque, New Mexico School Board that tried and rejected year round schooling, â€Å"Short term memory loss is very acute. Studies show that the only discernible summer loss occurs in the first two to three weeks. So, by introducing all these multiple breaks, all you†re doing is maximizing forgetting. † It has also been proven that forgetting and relearning are part of the learning process. Gaps in student†s learning begin with loss of context retention in the subject area, which begins within 24-48 hours, unless the new information is reinforced or applied immediately. After a month without reinforcement, about 80% of what a student has learned is recently lost. Research indicates what we retain depends on student motivation and teacher-effectiveness and isn†t limited to a time factor (Time to Learn). It is quite obvious that YRE does not improve the learning process, as those who support YRE claim. Supporters of the year round school system believe there are many benefits in the program for students and teachers. Advocates of YRE say families have greater flexibility in planning vacations that often cost less. Parents that support YRE feel that the shorter, more frequent vacations allowed students to remain focused and enthusiastic (Prisoners of Time). Angie Maniscalco, a 5th grade student at Fairmount Elementary in St. Louis, says, â€Å"Kids should go to school nine weeks and be off three because, kids get bored in the summer. They get sick of swimming every single day going skating or basically doing anything. I go to school for nine weeks, then get off three† (Should Schools). Supporters also believe parents who are working outside the home can take advantage of year-round care for their children. Teachers that support the idea of YRE feel that the more frequent breaks reduce burnout, and that the frequent breaks during the school year enable teachers to visit and learn from other programs and other teachers (Prisoners of Time). Those against YRE have different views about what year-round schooling will do for the students and the teachers. In year round schools, middle, elementary and high school students often have different schedules. While vacationing in the off-season may work well, when children are on different schedules, vacations can be more of a problem. YRE can certainly disrupt family life. With different ages of students, vacations are difficult to schedule. For example, children on non-traditional schedules may miss out on Boy Scout Camp, because their summer vacation falls in the month of August and the activity is programmed for July. School activities can suffer as well. One study found that band, chorus, drama, and student government were particularly hit hard (Never Ending School). While there may be some benefits to YRE, it is obvious that there are many situations where the year round calendar will cause confusion in the lives of those involved. Perhaps the most debated issue in YRE is that of the achievement scores. Supporters of YRE claim that student performance in year round schools is much greater. They believe that year round schools will yield higher achievement scores that traditional schools. Many advocates for YRE claim there are studies by the National Association for Year Round Education that report that year round schools have a very positive impact on student grades. Although supporters boast high achievement scores on tests, and higher student grades, those against YRE disagree (Year Round Education: Is). Critics of YRE say there is no evidence for higher academic gains under YRE as compared to traditional schools. Studies and test scores repeatedly show little improvement by students in year round schools. When test scores do increase, many educators hesitate to attribute increases to the new calendar (Time to Learn). Many of these studies, have been conducted by the National Association for Year Round Education (NAYRE), a highly biased organization, whose consultants earn significant amounts of income by promotion YRE. Robert Rosenfield, a systems analyst from Potomac, Maryland, was so concerned at what he considered to be misrepresented data by the NAYRE that he analyzed a substantial number of YRE evaluations in a 1994 paper. He concluded, â€Å"Each study presented in the NAYRE review has either been incompletely characterized, or otherwise contradicted by other studies within the same state or district. Nothing in the NAYRE review demonstrates any academic achievement gain by changing to a year-round calendar. In a 1993 Resnik study of Oakland Unified School District, California, concluded, â€Å"Students at year-round schools show on average a lower academic achievement level than those at other schools, and their achievement has decreased for the period, while it increased for schools in the regular calendar. † Overall, as you can see, there is little difference in student achievement between year-round and traditional calendars (Year Round Education: Is). As evidence has shown, year round education will not improve the education of our children. YRE will cost more money for schools. YRE will not promote continuous learning. YRE won†t create benefits for students and teachers, but will create chaos in the lives of the people around them. Achievement scores in schools with YRE will not increase, but in fact, in some cases, get worse. A few spoken views on YRE say it best. Sheila Duty Gibson says, â€Å"Many students show that year-round schools do not improve education. Changing the days students attend school does not address what many believe are the real problems in education such as a lack of parental involvement, teacher development, effective teaching methods and curriculum. An anonymous editorial in a North Carolina newspaper says, â€Å"It†s time to face the truth. The year-round schedule is a personal preference, not the answer to our educational problems. Year-round school doesn†t work for everyone. † Executive Editor of Elizabethton Star in Tennessee, said it well when he said, â€Å"Summertime offers our youngsters an extended time to experience life in such a way that will never again be afforded. If we are going to do anything with respect to school scheduling, we should extend the summer vacation to Labor Day† (Time to Learn). How to cite Year Round Education Program, Papers